Friday, August 28, 2009

Sony Launches Digital Service in Japan

http://www.variety.com/article/VR1118007637.html?categoryid=1442&cs=1

 

Company aims to put system in 500 theaters

 

By MARK SCHILLING

 

TOKYO -- Sony will launch a new digital projection system lease and support service for digital theaters in Japan on Oct. 1, the company announced on Monday. Sony plans to introduce the digital systems to 500 screens within four years.

 

Targeted exclusively at the Japanese market, the service will bow with the cooperation of the local offices of Fox, Disney and Sony Pictures Entertainment. The aim is to speed the digitalization of Japan's exhib sector.

 

The first to use the service will be multiplex operator T-Joy, which will introduce the Sony SRX-R220 digital cinema projector in its theaters in October. The company, an affiliate of Toei, plans to outfit all 15 of its sites -- 16 counting the one skedded to open in Kyoto at the end of 2009 -- with Sony digital projection systems. By 2011, T-Joy plans to have the systems on 150 screens.

 

One selling point of the support service for pic distribs and producers is a high-quality, reliable digital environment, as well as guarantees of DCI standards and support for new 3-D and 4K projection technologies. Another advantage is savings from eliminating print production and shipping costs, as well as more efficient theater management.

 



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56 Sony "Cinealta 4K" Projectors for CinemaxX - 495 Million New Pixels Show the Way for the Future of Digital Cinema

http://www.digitalcinemainfo.com/sonyprofessional_08_26_09.php

August 26, 2009

Source: Sony Professional

Nationwide rollout of Sony 4K digital cinema projectors with RealD 3D in Germany / FTT and Sony to install 56 systems by the end of 2009

CinemaxX Group is preparing for the future: By the middle of November 2009, Germany’s most well-known multiplex cinema operator will have equipped 56 of its cinema halls with new “CineAlta 4K” digital cinema projectors from Sony and 3D capabilities from RealD. The contractor for this project is Film-Ton-Technik Hannsdieter Rüttgers GmbH (FTT) of Düsseldorf. The company’s installation teams are responsible for managing the project as well as for the professional and timely installation of the projectors.

“By selecting the highest image resolution suggested by the DCI specifications, we aim to establish a high standard in the German cinema market”, explains Christian Gisy, CEO of CinemaxX AG. “Those who see a business opportunity behind 3D digitalisation are only going to be successful in the market if they take the right approach from the start. We are investing in a technology that currently occupies the top end of the market and has a great future. That’s why we consciously opted for equipment from Sony and RealD and for installation by FTT.”

Each of the 56 “CineAlta 4K” projection systems from Sony (three of which are being installed in CinemaxX’s cinemas in Denmark) consists of an SRX-R220 Digital cinema projector, an integrated LMT-200 Media Block and LSM-100 screen management system software. The 3D system from RealD contains a 3D lens adaptor supplied from Sony with filters specifically adapted to Sony's "SXRD" technology. Fitting and removing the 3D lens is simple. CinemaxX’s projectionists are able to mount or remove the lens quickly and easily between screenings and a 2D 2K preshow can be projected directly through the 3D lens without requiring any changeover. This gives the cinema operators greater flexibility for their screenings: CinemaxX can use the new projectors to show digital cinema in 2K or 4K resolution as well as the increasingly popular 3D films.

“CinemaxX has always been one of the major innovators when it comes to cinema in Germany – from the design of the auditoria right down to the smallest technical detail”, says Oliver Pasch, Head of Digital Cinema Europe at Sony Professional. “By working with CinemaxX we can set trends for the cinema of the future. We are creating a whole new cinematic experience with a level of quality not seen before that makes it possible to screen alternative content, such as opera or concert transmissions, and therefore encourage new audiences to go to the cinema.”

FTT’s installation teams will install the 56 “CineAlta 4K” projection systems in CinemaxX’s cinemas – with support from Sony – in two waves and in time for the release of three spectacular 3D films. The first systems will introduce audiences to the magical world of Disney Pixar’s animated comedy “Up” from 17 September. This is followed by Robert Zemecki’s “A Christmas Carol” on 12 November and finally the long-awaited cinema highlight of the year “Avatar” from “Titanic” director James Cameron on 17 December 2009.

“By mid-November at the latest, we will have reached an important new milestone for digital cinema in Germany with the installation of the 4K and 'RealD 3D on 4K' systems at CinemaxX”, says Egon Gräfen, managing director at FTT. “With the nationwide rollout with Sony and CinemaxX, we will be helping to shape the future of cinema in Germany.”Sony is currently the only manufacturer of commercially available 4K projectors for cinema applications. Their resolution is four times higher than that of Full HD or 2K projectors – the imaging device provides 4,096 × 2,160 pixels. In total, HDTV manages two million pixels while Sony achieves almost nine million. The quadrupled resolution is also noticeable when 3D films are shown. Unlike traditional 2K projectors – which, in order to project 3D films in 2K resolution have to show the images for the right and left eye frame sequentially – the “CineAlta 4K” projection system from Sony achieves a very natural, comfortable, non-tiring viewing experience for the audience by simultaneously projecting two 2K images.

 



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Film Ton Technik Installs MasterImage 3D at Cineplex

http://www.digitalcinemainfo.com/FTT-Film-Ton-Technik_08_26_09.php

August 26, 2009

Source: Film Ton Technik (FTT)

Film Ton Technik (FTT) is still riding the current 3D cinema wave. For the upcoming film releases in fall 2009 FTT will install MasterImage 3D systems at around 20 sites of German Cineplex group.

These days, digital 3D technology continues to be on everyone’s lips. Following the “ice-cold” cinema summer with digital installations for various national and international cinema circuits in the first quarter of 2009, FTT are now facing their next big 3D project: in the upcoming weeks about 35 screens at around 20 Cineplex locations in Germany as e.g. Aachen, Elmshorn, Leipzig, Limburg, Mannheim and Friedrichshafen will be equipped with Christie 2k projectors, Doremi servers and MasterImage 3D systems.

For Thomas Rüttgers, General Manager of FTT, 3D has not peaked out yet: “3D continues to be one important aspect when it comes to implementing d-cinema.” Mr. Rüttgers said that due to the huge success of “Ice Age III – dawn of the dinosaurs” the 3D train had gained further momentum. Moreover, he continued, further hits at the box office were to be expected with the releases of “Up” and “Avatar” in Germany in October and December 2009, respectively.

For Peter Koplik, Sales & Marketing Manager with MasterImage USA, this is also not the end of the line for 3D yet: „We are thrilled that with FTT and Cineplex we have two strong partners to push ahead the success of digital 3D.”

Having already carried out installations in Czech Republic and Hungary for Palace Cinemas together with FTT, the Cineplex deal is the first bigger rollout for MasterImage in Germany.

This positive experience with MasterImage during tests at other locations were thus the crucial factor for Kim Ludolf Koch, General Manager of Cineplex: “Taking long-term costs into account, MasterImage’s price / performance ratio really convinced us.” Furthermore, he said that handling a 3D system with passive glasses was much easier for the cinema staff

 



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Christie and Time Antaeus Launch China's Largest Commercial D-Cinema Deployment

http://www.digitalcinemainfo.com/christiedigitalcinema_08_26_09.php

August 26, 2009

Source: Christie

800 Christie DLP Cinema® projectors and Montage CDCS2000 D-Cinema Servers to be fully installed by 2010

Christie announces that Time Antaeus (Time Antaeus) Media Group, a Chinese digital cinema industry leader, has selected Christie as its very important partner for its digital cinema deployment in China. This marks the country’s most extensive commercial effort to install 800 Christie CP2000 series DLP Cinema® projectors in select cinemas by the end of 2010. These projectors will be installed together with 800 Time Antaeus Montage CDCS2000 D-Cinema Servers.

After conducting a series of extensive evaluations on the various solutions available, Time Antaeus opted for Christie’s acclaimed CP2000 DLP Cinema projectors based on their superior image quality and reliability. With their excellent brightness, contrast, true color reproduction and product integrity, the Christie CP2000 series projectors are widely popular among theater operators and have won numerous positive reviews from the industry. In addition, Christie’s proven leadership, with a commanding 70% worldwide market share that includes more than 7,500 systems worldwide – as well as an extensive understanding of the cinema industry – also motivated Time Antaeus to select Christie as a partner.

The collaboration between Christie and Time Antaeus began at the 2008 Beijing Summer Games’ ceremonies with the purchase of 120 Christie CP2000-ZX models. The CP2000-ZX digital cinema projectors delivered spectacular visuals throughout the event, demonstrating their full flexibility in a non-cinema environment. After the ceremonies, these projectors and Time Antaeus’ Montage CDCS2000 D-cinema servers were installed by CFG-Antaeus (CFG-Antaeus) Digital Cinema Investment Co. Ltd., a joint venture of China Film Group and Antaeus Group, in theaters across China. This marked part of the company’s digital cinema pilot. In August 2008, Christie and Time Antaeus were selected by CFG-Antaeus to provide another additional 400 units of digital cinema projectors and servers.

As part of the tailored digital cinema solution installed by CFG-Antaeus, the Montage CDCS2000 D-cinema server provided is a joint development between Time Antaeus and Doremi Cinema. It conforms to the DCI (Digital Cinema Initiatives) specifications for digital cinema servers. Capable of playing JPEG2000 digital movies with an excellent 2K resolution playback of up to 250Mbits/sec, the server promises an enhanced movie-going experience. Using AES128 encryption for keys, CDCS2000 supports watermarking through Thomas and NextGuard technologies. This FIPS140-2 Level 3-certified server is a milestone in China’s digital cinema industry, as it meets global standards and is making its mark on the global cinema scene.

The pilot test of the 120 units of Christie CP2000 series digital cinema projectors and Time Antaeus’ Montage CDCS2000 D-cinema servers installed in the theaters across China proved to be a tremendous success. Since starting operation, they have experienced “zero” failure rates, offering users a high level of stability. This tailored digital cinema solution also supports devices such as JNior, eCNA as well as 3D Technologies such as Dolby 3D, MasterImage, RealD and XpanD. It also includes a Theatre Management System (TMS) to allow remote content programming and management. In addition, the server can be remotely monitored by a network operations centre.

“We selected Christie because they offer a range of proven entertainment solutions with remarkable image quality, reliability and stability,” says Mr. Zhang Baoquan, Chairman of the Board for Time Antaeus Media Group. “Most importantly, we foresee their excellent service and undisputed success in the series of massive deployments around the world. This will certainly help us contribute to the growth of the digital cinema market in China. As a leading player in the local cinema industry, we have contributed to the digital cinema infrastructure in terms of production and distribution. Now, we have completed the digital chain by embarking on the digital exhibition platform. By advocating digital cinema deployments on a massive scale, we hope to turn digital movies into mainstream popular culture that is readily available and affordable to the masses.”

“China has always been an early adopter of digital cinema technologies,” comments Jack Kline, President and COO, Christie Digital Systems USA, Inc. “As early as 2001, the country started its nationwide film-to-digital transition. In addition to the state-level developments, commercial market forces are now coming together to further spur the growth of digital cinema in the country. Time Antaeus’ massive rollout is the largest single, commercial effort and places China at the forefront of the digital cinema evolution, surpassing many other countries in the world. With its market of affluent consumers, China demonstrates huge potential for the entertainment market, especially for the cinema industry. These favorable market forces will continue to propel the explosive growth of digital cinema in the country.”

“With eighty years of experience, Christie is one of the pioneers directly involved in the early developments of the cinema industry,” says Lin-Yu, vice-president, Christie, Asia Pacific. “With our extensive understanding of the cinema business and the success of massive deployments worldwide, we’re pleased to extend our experience and expertise to theater owners in China and bring the digital cinema experience to a brand new level. We’re honored that Time Antaeus chose Christie for its second phase of digital cinema deployment. The excellent synergy between Christie and Time Antaeus during the 2008 Beijing Summer Games started a memorable working relationship and most importantly, created an unforgettable visual experience witnessed by many around the world.”

 



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Wednesday, August 26, 2009

NEC: A place for both 2K and 4K

http://www.filmjournal.com/filmjournal/content_display/news-and-features/features/technology/e3i7bf40443797a443d65436ff7cfb42b59

Aug 24, 2009

-By Jim Reisteter, General Manager Digital Cinema Projectors NEC Display Solutions

 

The industry debate over the value of resolution in digital-cinema formats reached a turning point this past June, when Texas Instruments’ DLP Cinema division and its three projector manufacturing partners, Barco, Christie and NEC, announced that they were developing new 4K technologies. The news came within a few months of top theatre circuits Regal and AMC signing a deal to install thousands of Sony 4K systems, which offer a resolution of 4096 x 2160 pixels, compared to 2K’s resolution of 2048 x 1080 pixels. For our annual special section on digital cinema, Film Journal International went directly to the manufacturers to get their vantage points on 4K vs. 2K.

At NEC Display Solutions, we believe digital cinema has truly changed the game for exhibition. Digital cinema has created new revenue opportunities from 3D to alternative contact as well as providing audiences a more satisfying and consistent moviegoing experience with the higher picture quality available from digital-cinema projectors.

NEC Display Solutions’ product development culture is based on customer input and feedback. This customer-centric culture has helped us continue with developing leading-edge digital-cinema projectors. Recently, our NC2500S-A was developed when customers requested a brighter digital-cinema projector for 3D as well as not leaving the installed base stranded either.

Exhibition partners, such as Clearview’s Ziegfeld Theatre in Manhattan and Mann’s Grauman’s Chinese Theatre in Hollywood, use NEC, and many other exhibitors also rely on NEC as their digital projector technology supplier.

Now that Texas Instruments has announced an enhanced 4K technology solution as an extension of its next-generation electronics platform for DLP Cinema projectors, we’ll continue to collect and study customer input on their interests and potential applications for 4K.

While it’s early to decipher, we expect 4K will be well-suited for the larger screen, premium theatres, and those exhibitors will likely be the early adopters. There is interest from our exhibition customers; yet we haven’t seen a significant groundswell of demand for an immediate move up from 2K DLP. This is a testament to exhibitor satisfaction with current Texas Instruments 2K DLP technologies. However, appropriately designed, a DLP-enhanced 4K solution can be well-disposed to screen sizes of 75 feet to 100 feet. Overall, we think adoption will partly depend on the local market and competitive conditions. Regardless of the date or speed of enhanced 4K development, we are certain that 2K DLP technology will remain a viable solution for exhibitors for many years to come.

Clearly, one of the big immediate drivers in the digital transition is digital 3D. That is a demonstrated revenue opportunity for both exhibitors and the studios—just look at the recent movie releases Up, Ice Age and G-Force. NEC has provided financing to help fund the move to digital. These funding efforts have proven very popular. Additionally, the DCIP rollout, which may start late this year or in early 2010, would fuel even more interest from local, mid-sized and regional theatres. NEC is a great choice for helping both small theatres and big theatres go digital to capture this market.

 



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Nordic Digital Alliance merges with IntelliNet

http://www.filmjournal.com/filmjournal/content_display/news-and-features/news/digital-cinema/e3i793637a126d6217290c956108f36b840

 

Aug 25, 2009

Digital-cinema service provider Nordic Digital Alliance (NDA) and digital-cinema advertising service provider IntelliNet agreed to merge to jointly offer a fully comprehensive package of digital-cinema deployment, content-management software and digital-delivery services for exhibitors, distributors and advertising companies in Scandinavia and beyond.

With Arts Alliance Media (AAM) as a leading shareholder and integrated technology provider, the combined group will be more capable of meeting pan-European demand. With the merger the Nordic Digital Alliance and Arts Alliance Media group now serves more than 1,000 screens across France, Spain, Holland, Denmark, Norway and the United Kingdom.

Oscar Hovland, IntelliNet’s chief communications officer, will become managing director of the combined entity, which will retain the name Nordic Digital Alliance. Former NDA managing director Jan-Robert Jore was appointed chairman of NDA.

Software development teams at Arts Alliance Media and IntelliNet are working together to integrate IntelliNet’s advertising Campaign Distribution Engine (CDE) into AAM’s digital-cinema Theatre Management System (TMS). The final result will be an end-to-end solution that enables exhibitors to receive and schedule pre-show ads, trailers and feature films on their digital-cinema projectors.

“Over the past few years our commercial collaboration and mutual admiration have resulted in us joining forces today. Our six years working with digital advertising solutions and NDA’s comparable endeavors in digital-cinema services are compatible and strengthen both parties. We are excited about the prospects of working closer with Arts Alliance Media in expanding our reach across Europe,” NDA’s Hovland stated.

 



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Christie: A practical roadmap to 4K

http://www.filmjournal.com/filmjournal/content_display/news-and-features/features/technology/e3i7bf40443797a443d5bdf59097a9bc93a

Aug 24, 2009

-By Brian Claypool, Senior Product Manager, Cinema, Christie

The industry debate over the value of resolution in digital-cinema formats reached a turning point this past June, when Texas Instruments’ DLP Cinema division and its three projector manufacturing partners, Barco, Christie and NEC, announced that they were developing new 4K technologies. The news came within a few months of top theatre circuits Regal and AMC signing a deal to install thousands of Sony 4K systems, which offer a resolution of 4096 x 2160 pixels, compared to 2K’s resolution of 2048 x 1080 pixels. For our annual special section on digital cinema, Film Journal International went directly to the manufacturers to get their vantage points on 4K vs. 2K.

For Christie®, 4K projection has always been on our roadmap for the future, but our first priority is always to understand the needs of our customers. We are focused on providing high-quality products with a proven track record of reliability. Our 4K projection solutions will be built on the same reliable high-performance DLP Cinema® technology that is currently used in our 2K projectors. Leveraging industry-proven, time-tested technology with a modular design that offers our customers flexibility will ensure Christie’s 4K resolution projectors continue to be the industry leader. Like our 2K solutions, our 4K projectors will continue to deliver the lowest cost of ownership of any digital projector and provide ease of serviceability.

As we announced recently, Christie 4K resolution digital cinema projectors will be ready for sale in the fall of 2010. We have added engineering resources and are focused on completing our development with a projector design that exceeds our customers’ expectations. In the meanwhile, while 4K resolution may have a place in the future of the industry, 2K DLP Cinema still represents the better value proposition. Remember that today, less than 5% of cinematic content is distributed in 4K; and 3D content, which is currently driving digital-cinema installations, is only available in 2K resolution.

Even more significant are the tests and surveys that indicate most patrons do not notice any difference between 2K and 4K images in most cinema environments. This is due to a variety of reasons, but mostly because cinemas show motion pictures, not still pictures. For exhibitors, therefore, there is no real benefit to installing more expensive 4K systems today because they don’t provide the same return on investment that 2K does.

Meanwhile, our new DLP Cinema Series 2 projectors will handle 2K data rates as well as those required for 4K content. All that is needed is for Texas Instruments to introduce the 4K imager for Christie to complete the final design and begin the manufacturing process. When Christie introduces its 4K systems, they will be based on proven DLP Cinema technology, backed by millions of hours of “pre-testing” on the world stage, offering the highest level of reliability and performance to our customers.

While we wait for the 4K technology from Texas Instruments, we are continuously seeking ways to improve our existing 2K projection systems by adding further cost-of-operation enhancements, such as full-panel triple-flash capability—which we call Christie Brilliant3D™—to ensure the brightest image for 3D applications. We have also developed the fastest, most accurate motorized lens system in the industry, making Christie projectors easier than ever to operate. These enhancements provide our customers with the lowest cost of operation because lower-power lamps can be used. Christie projectors also offer a simpler, single-lens solution regardless of the format of the material being displayed. The Series 2 platform will allow both Christie’s mid- and high-power models to be 4K-upgradeable right out of the starting gate.

Brian Claypool is responsible for developing and managing Christie's expanding portfolio of digital cinema products worldwide.

Christie®, Brilliant3D™ and DLP Cinema® are registered trademarks of Texas Instruments.

 



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Sageview Capital invests in Cinedigm Digital

http://www.filmjournal.com/filmjournal/content_display/news-and-features/news/digital-cinema/e3i2e9044066d727a1ac154eec59781a5be

Aug 13, 2009

Cinedigm Digital Cinema Corp. completed a $75 million private placement of securities to Sageview Capital, consisting of a senior note due 2014 and a warrant to purchase common stock. The capital infusion provides funds for the company's continued growth and introduces a key long-term investor into the shareholder base.

Cinedigm appointed Ned Gilhuly, a managing partner of Sageview, to its board of directors immediately and, subject to shareholder approval, will add a second designee of Sageview as a director following its upcoming shareholder meeting.

 



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Barco: Projecting the future

http://www.filmjournal.com/filmjournal/content_display/news-and-features/features/technology/e3i7bf40443797a443d08c290b36ec7a79e

Aug 24, 2009

-By Terri Westhafer Director, Business Development Barco Digital Cinema

The industry debate over the value of resolution in digital-cinema formats reached a turning point this past June, when Texas Instruments’ DLP Cinema division and its three projector manufacturing partners, Barco, Christie and NEC, announced that they were developing new 4K technologies. The news came within a few months of top theatre circuits Regal and AMC signing a deal to install thousands of Sony 4K systems, which offer a resolution of 4096 x 2160 pixels, compared to 2K’s resolution of 2048 x 1080 pixels. For our annual special section on digital cinema, Film Journal International went directly to the manufacturers to get their vantage points on 4K vs. 2K.

What if viewers could enjoy the first all-digital 4K resolution on a 90-foot cinema screen? What if exhibitors could have DLP Cinema® reliability and low cost of ownership—with the highest pixel diversity and color accuracy? This remarkable scenario will illuminate theatre screens next year.

Optimizing the Big Screen
Barco’s 2K digital-cinema products offer customers a wide range of choices, with the ability to customize systems for individual auditoriums. Using the 2K solution, the economic paradigms and cost reductions have helped Barco achieve broad market accolades and acceptance, but the focus is now shifting to a new challenge—optimizing the big screen experience. In a recent side-by-side test, Barco’s 2K projector delivered superior image quality and higher resolution than the competitor’s 4K system, yet our customers have asked us for a 4K, premium-quality solution for very large screens—specifically, 90+ feet for 2D presentations, and up to 75 feet for 3D.

In response, Barco Digital Cinema, in partnership with Texas Instruments (TI), will proudly introduce “Enhanced DLP Cinema 4K” in 2010. This is the next step toward strengthening and expanding our product portfolio—with image quality and light levels exceeding anything seen to date.

First to Market
To inaugurate the 4K deployment, Barco will have next-generation “4K Ready” projectors available in Q1 2010. By performing a software upgrade and exchanging the light engine, these projectors may be easily updated to Enhanced DLP Cinema 4K. Given Barco’s proprietary modular design, the engine swap will be simple to perform, taking less than five minutes. Although Barco is dependent upon TI timelines, delivery of new Enhanced DLP Cinema 4K projectors should commence in late 2010, with Barco being the first to market with production 4K DLP systems.

The Right Solution
Exhibitors should never have to mask down their largest screens, nor should they be required to pay 4K prices for 30-foot screens—where 2K projection remains ideal for their customers. With these principles in mind, Barco creates the right solution for the right-sized screen. Our research suggests that exhibitors will place Enhanced DLP Cinema 4K systems on their showcase screens, while 2K projection systems will continue as the industry workhorse—excelling at total cost of ownership, with flawless DLP Cinema image quality.
Barco’s Enhanced DLP Cinema 4K products will be designed to bring first-class, luminous visual experiences to the largest screens, where the approximate 20% price increase is appropriate—remaining a true value proposition.

Projecting 2010
Building upon the ingenious modular design of our existing offerings is a three-tier introduction: the incorporation of many exciting features into our next-generation DLP Cinema 2K equipment, an innovative line of “4K Ready” projectors in Q1 2010, and a new family of Enhanced DLP Cinema 4K projectors in Q4 2010.

Currently, exhibitors worldwide are eagerly transitioning to digital projection technology, and DLP Cinema is enjoying considerable growth—with nearly 1,000 screens being converted each month. In the coming year, we expect those numbers to rise even higher, because theatres are tailoring their business models to include digital at all their locations, rather than selected cinema complexes.

This trend is driven by 3D, as well as the patrons’ expressed desire for sharp, clean, pristine presentations. We welcome the advent of Enhanced DLP Cinema 4K to provide an all-encompassing solution for our customers’ auditoriums, regardless of configuration or screen size. We will continue to project the future—it is our commitment to you.

 



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Sony 4K: Resolution and determination

http://www.filmjournal.com/filmjournal/content_display/news-and-features/features/technology/e3i7bf40443797a443d6b676b97cfa76e62

Aug 24, 2009

The industry debate over the value of resolution in digital-cinema formats reached a turning point this past June, when Texas Instruments’ DLP Cinema division and its three projector manufacturing partners, Barco, Christie and NEC, announced that they were developing new 4K technologies. The news came within a few months of top theatre circuits Regal and AMC signing a deal to install thousands of Sony 4K systems, which offer a resolution of 4096 x 2160 pixels, compared to 2K’s resolution of 2048 x 1080 pixels.

For our annual special section on digital cinema,
Film Journal International went directly to the manufacturers to get their vantage points on 4K vs. 2K.

Our coverage begins with the company at the forefront of 4K, Sony Electronics.
FJI asked Gary Johns, VP of Sony Electronics’ Digital Cinema Systems Division, to elaborate on his company’s development of 4K technology and offer a glimpse of the road ahead.

How many 4K installations do you have to date? How many are expected by the end of 2009?
Our current base of installed 4K systems is now well over 500, and we expect it will be over 1,000 by the end of the year. Recent months have seen tremendous commitment and growth for Sony 4K digital cinema. We announced agreements with AMC Theatres and Regal Entertainment Group to install our 4K systems across their entire circuits over the next three years. Those two agreements bring our number of planned 4K screens to about 11,000.
In addition, we continue to work with existing clients to expand their Sony 4K deployment and are in negotiations with many other national and regional theatre chains who are interested in offering their customers the premier cinema experience. Contracted theatre chains include Muvico Theaters, Landmark Theatres, Channelside, Alamo, Camera Cinemas and Lincoln Square, and we expect to make several new announcements shortly.

What are the major advantages of 4K?

From an audience perspective, it starts with improved quality: unprecedented levels of resolution and contrast and, ultimately, a much more dynamic, engaging and immersive entertainment experience in a movie theatre. For exhibitors, offering 4K projection is a significant competitive advantage, offering the best image quality available. Sony 4K digital cinema systems are just that—complete projection systems designed and built to work together from the ground up...backed by Sony, a global leader in electronics.

Another important benefit of Sony 4K systems is that they are extremely scalable and flexible. Of course, our 4K system is able to play back 4K content, but it is also able to play back 2K content—better than 2K projectors—as well as a variety of other formats to meet our customers’ needs. One other advantage of our 4K system is the ability to create stunning 3D presentations. 4K allows the use of two 2K images for full-time display of left eye/right eye images. This, coupled with high-quality image processing and optics, creates 3D images that are recognizably superior.

Sony’s 4K 3D is relatively new—tell us about its progress in the past year.
The 3D landscape has exploded, with new releases being announced each month. Sony has joined forces with another company that is leading the 3D revolution, RealD, on a sales and distribution agreement that combines our 4K projector with RealD’s 3D technology, offering exhibitors the best technology solution on the market. Since we announced our single-projector 3D lens solution, we are confident that Sony’s 3D on 4K absolutely delivers the best 3D experience available, which should drive the installation of over 500 Sony 3D systems by the end of the year, establishing Sony as a leader in 3D presentation.

What 4K-related technological advances can we expect in the future?
As a total entertainment company, Sony is committed to developing a full 4K system and workflow components, including a camera, storage and post-production products, and of course, 4K projection. We are also working diligently to develop and offer the next steps in product development, including alternative light sources, expanded software offerings and state-of-the-art monitoring systems, to name a few.

What kind of co-existence do you expect for 2K and 4K technologies?
Clearly, we believe that Sony 4K provides the ultimate offering for moviegoers and research shows that most customers can see the difference between Sony 4K systems and 2K systems, regardless of screen size. We have published a white paper, available on our website, www.sony.com/4K, which clearly explains the science behind this reality. As a further sign of recognition of the superiority of 4K technology, other projector manufacturers have announced plans to make 4K projectors in the next couple of years, so it would appear there is a clear move toward 4K. Fortunately, we have been committed to 4K from the beginning and are confident that we will continue to make the best projectors in the business.

How do you see the digital rollout proceeding over the next 12 months?
The entire industry—manufacturers, exhibitors, studios and other organizations—are all working extremely hard to ensure that digital cinema is rolled out in the most effective way. Everyone understands that this is the industry’s direction and that the movie theatres of the future will be digital. Now that the industry has recognized the value of 4K, the final hurdles will be meeting the financial realities of conversion, implementing an effective business model and tackling the logistics of rolling out digital technology in a theatre. We’re optimistic that soon, this industry will be well on its way to being a—mostly 4K—digital community.
How supportive is today’s exhibition community of the digital transition?

Exhibitors are extremely supportive of a digital conversion, realizing the benefits that a digital environment can bring, including operational efficiency, expanded format offerings (like 3D) and alternative content to increase traffic to theatres.

What are your predictions for the future of live events projected in 4K?
As 4K cameras come onto the market, 4K workflow costs decrease and more Sony 4K projection systems get deployed, we expect it to become more and more common for live events to be delivered in 4K. There has already been tremendous progress in this area and we expect that we will see significant 4K live content in the next few years.

What is Sony doing to encourage more 4K content from the Hollywood studios?
We continue to work closely with each studio on delivering the right digital solution. The studios are very supportive of digital distribution, and specifically 4K resolution, with many executives citing that as their future direction. For example, Sony Pictures Entertainment has already made 4K a centerpiece of its distribution plans for the majority of its motion pictures. But perhaps the best example of the growing acceptance of, and demand for, 4K content occurred recently when three major studio motion pictures—which were all released within a month of each other—were made available to theatres for 4K projection.

 



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A Watershed Event for 3D?

http://displaydaily.com/2009/08/21/a-watershed-event-for-3d/

 

August 21st, 2009

Like many Display Daily readers, I grew up enthralled by science fiction and in love with the movies. In my case, I was also fascinated by 3D. These three continuing interests will all come together on December 18th with the release of Avatar. As has been well publicized, Avatar is a movie that is being filmed in photo realistic, stereoscopic 3D. It hopes to mix live action and CGI imagery in a seamless blend.

Art Berman
Insight Media Consultant

There has been no shortage of hype about Avatar. I offer two very different examples of items recently posted in the news:

  • 20th Century Fox has budgeted $237 million for production alone.
  • Director James Cameron told Time Magazine that the 3D viewing "is so close to a real experience that it actually triggers memory creation in a way that 2D viewing doesn’t."

This movie, more than any other single event that will occur this year, has the potential to affect the trajectory of the public’s appetite for 3D. The quality of the movie and the extent of its’ commercial success will impact the near term prospects for all of the 3D industry.

This article will take a quick look at some aspects of the 3D production techniques used in Avatar. To start, we note that making a film using digital 3D technology is still very new. This means that much of the filming process itself is being improvised along the way, with new technologies being developed as they are needed.

Consider first the Computer Graphics aspects of the film. Avatar’s footage is built from about 70% CGI. But it will also include computerized images from real human action, which is called "performance capture." This is accomplished by the cast donning motion capture suits, essentially leotards covered in sensors that feed the movements of the body back to a bank of computers. In Avatar, scenes were accomplished on a "performance capture" stage six times bigger than anything previously used in Hollywood.

The realism of the performance was enhanced by improving the way the suits captured the actors’ facial expressions. The new technique is called Facial Performance Replacement. The FRP process calls for the use of a skullcap with a camera enhancement that closely monitors the actor’s eyes and mouth as well as other small movements. Each frame is analyzed for facial details such as pores and wrinkles all of which enable creation of a moving, computerized image that better reproduces human emotions. In addition, FPR allows the Director to digitally re-work an actor’s facial movements. Lines of dialogue that get changed after principal photography on a scene can still be seamlessly implemented into the finished scene, without the actors having to re-don their body suits and head rigs for another take.

The performance capture workflow on Avatar used a so-called "Simulcam" or "virtual camera." This tool allows the director to hold a camera (really a monitor) in his hands, point it at the actors and see them in real time as their CG characters. The virtual camera allows the Director to move through, edit and record the computer generated 3D scene as if he were the actual cameraman. The virtual camera removes the need to wait for the computer to render the images. The effect on screen of this approach is that of a "shaky cam." The effect makes action sequences seem up-close and can be used to focus audience attention on a particular part of a scene.

Next consider the live action 3D capture aspects of the film.

When James Cameron directed his first 3D film, "Terminator 2: 3D," for Universal Studios theme parks more than a decade ago, the bulky camera equipment made some shots awkward or impossible.

The 450 pound contraption, had two film cameras mounted on a metal frame and was so heavy that producers had to jury-rig construction equipment to lift it off the ground for shots from above. The cameras, slightly set apart, had to be mechanically pointed at the subject and then locked into place to create the 3D effect.

To address the camera problem, Cameron collaborated with Vince Pace, a cinematographer and the founder of a Los Angeles based 3D production company. Together they developed and patented a so-called "fusion digital 3D camera system." This camera was first employed in Cameron’s 2003 documentary, Ghosts of the Abyss, and has subsequently been refined and adapted. The camera rig now weighs only 50 pounds. The complete filming suite consists of a number of stereoscopic cameras that each use two camera lenses that can dynamically converge on a focal point with the help of a computer. With these cameras, the cinematographer can capture two images simultaneously and with perfect alignment both of which are crucial in 3D for sweeping camera moves and action sequences.

During production, Cameron needed a way to review just-shot footage in 3D. Since no equipment existed to do this, Texas Instruments customized three large screen DLP TVs to allow a scene shot in 3D to be immediately reviewed, enabling on-the-spot directorial decisions.

Those of us on the "technology side" of 3D should remember a point well made by Director Cameron: "Ideally, the technology is advanced enough to make itself go away. That’s how it should work. All of the technology should wave its own wand and make itself disappear."

And, don’t forget that an Avatar 3D game is simultaneously in development. If the game replicates the same look (which it appears to do) and the game play is compelling (no feedback yet), this could drive a longer-lasting wave of 3D interest.

Today, August 21, is also being promoted by Fox Studios as Avatar Day — a 15 minute screening at a number of theaters designed to increase excitement for the movie. Tickets disappeared almost immediately.

The début of Avatar has the potential to be a very big day not only for the Avatar team, but also for the entire 3D industry. See you at the movies!

 

Is Anaglyph in Our 3D Future?

http://displaydaily.com/2009/08/12/is-anaglyph-in-our-3d-future/

 

August 12th, 2009

Viewing 3D with anaglyph glasses means that each eye has a colored filter in front of it to separate the left and right eye images. The most common form is a red/blue or red/cyan combination, but dozens of variations exist in the selection of the colors. Many see anaglyph as the least desirable form of 3D, but there are a number of advantages to it. In talking with experts about this topic, it is my personal conclusion that anaglyph will be around for some time. As such, we need to better understand its strengths and weaknesses and formulate products, messages and strategies that recognize anaglyph, but place it in its proper context. That may be easier said than done.

Chris Chinnock
Senior Analyst and Editor
for Insight Media

Let’s start with some of the pros. Anaglyph is a color encoding approach that creates a 3D image within a standard 2D video frame so it can be transmitted over existing distribution channels and will display 3D on any 2D display. That means any cell phone, laptop, monitor or TV can display a 3D image that is viewable with the matched anaglyph glasses. Being able to play 3D content on this huge installed base is a tremendous advantage over most other approaches, which will require a new display that is 3D capable. This is the approach that most consumers think of as "3D" because it has been around a long time and it has wide recognition.

Anaglyph glasses are also inexpensive — often throwaways. Many forms of anaglyph carry no licensing fee to encode it, so there are few barriers to creating the content. In fact, it is quite often used by professionals in the content creation and post production process as it is easy to create and display and it provides useful feedback.

But there are many cons. The most significant problem is the wide variety of quality the process can produce. For example, the choice of the color bands can have a big impact on the color quality (some implementations can be nearly black and white) and the 3D effect. The process reduces the resolution of the 3D image and the encoding process must be matched up with the proper glasses. Having a variety of glasses will create confusion for the end user. And, the quality of the 3D can be very scene, or content, dependent. As stereoscopic expert Peter Anderson noted in a meeting the other day, Shrek will not work well in anaglyph because of the green color dominance. Even anaglyph fan, Ray Zone, had to concede that point.

There is also a lot of mixed messaging about the approach from the studios. Disney and others have already released some new 3D movies in anaglyph. But other studios are choosing not to release content in anaglyph (like Monsters vs. Aliens). I have seen content that looked great in a polarized projection mode, but looked horrible when broadcast to a TV in anaglyph (Chuck episode and Sobe commercial). I have seen demos of anaglyph that can look pretty good, however.

The bottom line is not all anaglyphic 3D content is created equal. The encoding approach must be carefully matched to the content and some content will likely never look good.

So how should anaglyph be positioned? NVIDIA has one approach. In a conversation with them earlier this week, we learned of a product the company is now offering as part of its 3D Vision line. Remember, NVIDIA has been leading the charge in PC-based platforms for 3D gaming, coupled to NVIDIA certified 3D monitors, projectors and TVs. The TVs require a checkerboard encoding, while the monitors and projectors use a 120Hz page-flipping approach. As a result, we were a little surprised to see they are now offering an anaglyph solution that they call 3D Vision Discover.

NVIDIA is positioning this approach as a "sneak peak" into the 3D experience. The solution includes:

  • Custom-designed, specialized anaglyph (red/cyan) glasses
  • NVIDIA software to transform over 350 standard PC games into full 3D
  • NVIDIA 3D Movie and Video player software, along with free downloads of 3D movies, pictures, and game previews directly to your PC

NVIDIA says they have optimized the color bands to work best with LCD monitors. They want to use this approach as a marketing tool to get users excited about 3D, thereby stepping up to the higher quality experience offered in the 3D Vision solutions. The approach allows the installed based of 65 million PCs with G-Force graphics cards to play with 3D, which is a good thing, but it is also risky. Suppose these users find anaglyph is good enough and there is no need to step up to a better display solution? Suppose they don’t find the experience very good and they get completely turned off to 3D?

NVIDIA downplayed these risks and pointed to the fact that they are at least offering a stepped solution that explains the quality level differences. As NVIDIA’s Andrew Fear pointed out, "Many studios offer a great theatrical experience, then releases the movie in anaglyph. The end user buys the DVD thinking they will get the same 3D theatrical experience and they don’t. But the studios are not explaining the difference to consumers, which is what we are trying to do." He has a good point.

I think the key point of all of this is that anaglyph 3D content will be in the market for some time, despite its shortcomings. Therefore, the whole industry needs to do a much better job of educating consumers about anaglyph as well as the other higher quality 3D solutions that exist. Are we up to the task?

Tuesday, August 25, 2009

Fancy Heading Up UK's Digital Cinema Group?

http://celluloidjunkie.com/2009/08/24/fancy-heading-up-uks-digital-cinema-group/

 

Posted by Admin | August 24, 2009 5:51 am

The UK’s Cinema Exhibitors’ Association (CEA) had previously announced that they are setting up an organization to support small-to-medium sized exhibitors in the switch to digital, along the lines of the semi-hibernating Cinema Buying Group (CBG) of NATO. CEA’s CEO Phil Clapp commented at the time that:

many [cinemasl also recognise that they are extremely unlikely to be able to secure funding deals to allow them to convert on their own. We strongly believe that the proposed funding group may be the only option to achieve this for a significant majority of small and medium-sized cinema operators.

Now the time has come to appoint someone to head up this mission. From the announcement:

As detailed in an advert appearing in the next edition of Screen International, the CEA is looking to recruit - initially on a six month contract - an individual with the following qualities:

  • Experience of work in film distribution and/or exhibition at a senior level, with an understanding of the key industry issues and processes between the two sectors;
  • Experience of digital cinema contracts and/or deployment;
  • Knowledge of the major US studios and international distributors, including the key decision-makers on issues around digital cinema;
  • Proven negotiating skills; and
  • Experience of running an organisation at director or a similar senior level.

Key initial tasks for the successful candidate will be to: establish the necessary business, governance and financial structures for the group; undertake an analysis of the current market for digital cinema in relation to group members; and, through discussion with potential funding partners and others, to identify those approaches which might provide a ‘best fit’ for group members with regard to financial support.

It may be somewhat optimistic to think that this can be achieved in six months, but the contract does have an extension option. Expect whoever is appointed to be spending a lot of time on a plane somewhere between Heathrow and LAX.

 

Monday, August 24, 2009

The Summer of 3D: Screen Scrambling

http://www.thewrap.com/article/3d-interest-and-bo-are-there-screens-arent_5076

 

August 11, 2009, 1:17PM CDT
Category: MOVIES
By: Carolyn Giardina -

The interest and B.O. are there, but space is still too limited.

Depending on how you look at it, 3D has either been a huge part of the summer box office ... or not.

There were five digital 3D movies on the docket this summer, three of which have already opened: Disney/Pixar's "Up," Fox's "Ice Age: Dawn of the Dinosaurs" and Disney's "G-Force."

Coming up before summer's end are Disney’s sports documentary “X Games 3D: The Movie” (Aug. 21) and Warner Bros./New Line’s thriller “The Final Destination” (Aug. 28).

And while only the opening 13 minutes of "Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince" were in 3D, the blockbuster increased the visibility of the format this summer through its relationship with IMAX.

The impact of 3D on each specific film's final gross is inarguable. 3D screens accounted for an estimated 51 percent of the domestic gross of “Up,” 47 percent of “Ice Age” and 54 percent of Disney and Jerry Bruckheimer’s “G-Force.”

Two of the three films will land in the top 10 once the summer is tallied: "Up” is the second highest grossing movie of the year with close to $287.4 million. “Ice Age 3” maintains the number seven spot with $187.9 million.

(Incidentally, just ahead of “Ice Age 3” is another 3D title, Dreamworks Animation’s March release, “Monsters Vs. Aliens,” with $198 million.)

http://www.thewrap.com/files/3D-BoxOfficeREV2.jpgBut a look at the overall box office shows that the format is still merely a blip on the overall distribution screen. Through Tuesday, summer box office currently stands at $3.6 billion, down almost 1 percent from last year at this time.

The numbers demonstrate that moviegoers remain interested in -- and even are willing to pay a premium for -- 3D. But they also underscore the challenges of the still-limited amount of product and number of digital 3D screens available.

Exhibitors -- facing today’s tough economic climate -- continue to try to raise financing for a wider deployment. There are currently a little more than 1,600 3D-ready digital theaters in North America, representing nearly 2,500 screens

“The number of 3D films have increased at a much greater rate than the number of 3D screens, that’s the issue today,” said Dan Fellman, president of Warner Bros. domestic distribution. “(Exhibitors) are trying. It is a very tough marketplace. They will get it done, and when they do you will see the number of 3D movies expand as well.”

So as deployment of digital 3D projection capabilities is steadily rising, these releases should have slightly more 3D venues available than their predecessors.

A look back at 2009's summer 3D hits:

Disney/Pixar’s “Up”

When the summer’s first digital 3D release opened on May 29, it played at 3,766 theaters, including 1,534 3D venues. 3D represents an estimated 54 percent of the total gross.

“Up” soared with the majority of the available 3D screens until “Ice Age 3” opened on July 1. Figures suggest that “Up” held an estimated 500 3D locations over that weekend, but it lost more than 1,000.

“The box office would have be higher, except when ‘Ice Age’ opened, ‘Up’ lost its 3D screens,” said Chuck Viane, Disney’s president of domestic distribution, adding that this scenario has continued with each 3D release since then.

Still, its North American gross makes “Up” the second highest gross for a Pixar movie. “Finding Nemo” still holds the record with a domestic total of $339.7 million.

Fox’s “Ice Age: Dawn of the Dinosaurs”

The third film in the “Ice Age” franchise debuted July 1 in North America in 4,099 theaters, including 1,606 that were 3D ready.

3D represented 40 percent of the screens, and those screens have brought in 48 percent of its domestic gross to date. On its opening weekend, the per-location average for the 3D showings was 2.2 times that of the 2D location average.

But the next 3D release, Disney’s “G-Force,” arrived on July 24. And not unlike the impact that the “Ice Age” opening had on “Up,” the Fox movie lost over 1,000 locations and kept roughly 500.

“Box office dropped 52 percent on that weekend, which was obviously a significant hit, directly attributable to a $31.7 million opening weekend for ‘G-Force,’ ” said Chris Aronson, 20th Century Fox’s senior VP, domestic distribution.

The previous films in the franchise had March openings: “Ice Age” grossed $176.4 million and sequel “Ice Age: The Meltdown” took in $195.3 million. Aronson expects the new 3D title to end up with a gross very similar the second film.

“We have to be incredibly happy with that,” he said. “In the summer, you competition is up quite significantly … But we wanted (to wait) to capitalize on the growing number of 3D locations.”

Disney’s “G-Force”

“G-Force” -- a combo live action/CGI production -- debuted on July 24 with total of 3,697 theaters, including 1,604 venues that were 3D ready.

As of last week, the 3D was accounting for roughly 56 percent of the total box office. At press time, “G-Force” had grossed nearly $86.2 million.

Looking broadly at 3D’s impact, Viane said: “Studio exit research suggest that when audiences come out of a 3D movie, the scores are higher.”

Warner Bros.' “Harry Potter and the Half Blood Prince”

The first 13 minutes of the IMAX-only release of “Half Blood Prince” was shown in 3D in 162 IMAX theaters. Because "Transformers" had already booked IMAX theaters, this version had to wait two weeks after the film's 2D domestic opening day -- and as of Aug. 6, it had generated nearly $6 million. As only the opening sequence was in 3D, Fellman believes that it was the IMAX, not the 3D, that drove this incremental revenue.

Warner Bros. and IMAX announced that “Under the Sea 3D” will be re-released in select IMAX theaters on Aug. 19.

The best is yet to come: 3D technology continues to evolve and win audience approval

http://www.filmjournal.com/filmjournal/content_display/news-and-features/features/technology/e3i8fb28a31928f66a5faa6cce0d6b536cc

Aug 14, 2009

-By Bill Mead

3D just keeps getting bigger and better in spite of the early skepticism that the trend wouldn’t last. This year, Hollywood delivered on their promised 3D titles, with many more in the production pipelines. Like color or stereo sound did before, 3D production techniques are maturing and becoming part of the filmmaker’s everyday toolkit. We are seeing 3D being put to use, not as a gimmick, but in ways that add to the overall enjoyment of the movie.

The best 3D has yet to be seen by the public. The combining of emerging digital production technologies—motion-capture, high-resolution live-action capture, computer-generated images and 3D—will yield never-seen-before images that will leave audiences not only thrilled but stunned.

This is great news for exhibitors. First, while there is a lot of talk about 3D in the home, it is a few years off. Even when available, there will be no comparison between big-screen 3D and the home-theatre experience. Second, 3D is happening now. There is plenty of great 3D content hitting the screens in the next year and the reference bar for onscreen visual entertainment is being raised again this year, with Fox’s Dec. 18 release of James Cameron’s Avatar.

3D, its innovations and maturing technology is—so far—a uniquely Hollywood-driven development, but it is being consumed by exhibitors and their audiences worldwide. Depending on how screens are counted, as of August 2009 there were between 4,800 and 6,600 3D-equipped screens, split approximately equally between the U.S. and international markets. The exact count of 3D screens is difficult to pin down not only because it’s a rapidly moving target, but because of the flexibility of some of the 3D processes, particularly the ability to relocate active glasses to different auditoriums, allowing multiple auditoriums to be quickly equipped.

In many overseas markets, the number of 3D systems installed has doubled since January 2009. In some new markets, like Latin America, Australia, Russia and Eastern Europe, almost 100% of all digital installations are 3D. In many countries, where the multiplex- or circuit-wide 2D digital conversions have stalled due to lack of economic incentives, screen-by-screen 3D conversion is the single reason digital cinema is moving forward.

It is easy to understand the “gold-rush” mentality about 3D by looking at the box-office results. Exhibitors consistently report 3D screens grossing between three to five times the same titles on 2D screens. Exhibitors are also finding little resistance to 3D premium ticket prices, especially when the same title is offered side-by-side in 2D at standard prices. When given a choice, most simply choose to pay more and see it in 3D.

The last bit of good news for exhibitors is that there are plenty of choices in processes and equipment. Following the 2005 debut of RealD’s low-cost passive glasses and silver-screen solution, there is now competition from Dolby’s reusable glasses and white-screen approach. There are also XpanD’s active glasses and newcomer MasterImage’s 3D solution. Increased competition in the marketplace is keeping equipment prices down and driving system performance even higher.

RealD continues to lead the market with approximately 3,400 systems installed as of July 2009. In addition, they have received orders that will bring their total to over 9,000 in the next few years. RealD estimates that 90% of US 3D box office is delivered on their 3D-equipped screens. Their new RealD XL light-doubler has been a hit with cinemas with larger screens, timely since more and more of the 3D titles are playing in the larger auditoriums.
Europe has been a particularly active market for RealD, with sales reportedly up 400% since the opening of their London office in February 2009 with industry veteran Bob Mayson at the helm. Exhibitors recently signing on to add RealD systems are Cinestar in Germany, CGR in France, Cineplexx in Austria, Vue Entertainment in the U.K., Irish Multiplex Cinemas, and others.

In the fall of 2008, Sony announced they had developed a special 3D process and lens assembly for their 4K SXRD projector. It is a fairly simple and elegant solution, using their 4K chip to project two images top and bottom—one for each eye—and a special dual-lens assembly to converge the images on the screen. Sony has incorporated RealD’s circular polarized filters, so the Sony 3D process is entirely compatible with the RealD glasses and the silver screen. Sony has entered an exclusive distribution plan so that the Sony lens is available through RealD’s program. Since both the AMC and Regal theatre circuits have made large commitments to add Sony 4K projectors, a substantial number of these will be RealD 3D-enabled.



Dolby claims over 1,000 cinemas installed with their 3D system as of July 2009, with another 500 installations in progress. Rather than concentrating on a few key exhibitors, Dolby has been quietly building a strong base of support from many small and mid-sized exhibitor organizations, independent cinemas and specialty screening rooms. With a broad and loyal geographic footprint around the globe, the Dolby system lends itself well to exhibitors where there is a desire to keep a white, non-silver screen and where managing reusable glasses is not a problem. Organizations such as the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, the U.K.’s BAFTA, the Directors Guild of America, and a number of science centers and museums have selected the Dolby process.

Dolby has also addressed the need to show their 3D on larger screens. In a joint development with Barco, twin projectors are mounted in a custom configuration, allowing exhibitors to fill larger screens ranging from 41 to 70 feet. The Dolby and Barco large-screen solution is compatible with all of Barco’s twin-projector offerings, including their ultra-bright DP-3000.

XpanD, with what might be considered the original 3D process using active LCD shuttered glasses, has been gaining recognition, particularly in the European markets. They have around 1,000 3D screens installed. XpanD has been able to put new life into an old idea. The original shuttered glasses were large and heavy. With the acquisition of NuVision, the leading manufacturer of shuttered glasses, they have been re-engineered. XpanD’s new X101 Series glasses are lighter, look stylish, and have easily replaceable batteries.

Although the XpanD glasses are the most expensive, the costs are offset by the savings in basic booth equipment. All that is really needed beyond a 3D-capable digital projector and server is a fairly low-cost IR emitter for synchronizing the glasses. This also leads to more flexible operation as multiple screens can be equipped with the IR emitters and quickly used for 3D by bringing in the glasses.

XpanD has made recent progress with exhibitor commitments from Yelmo Cinemas in Spain, Xtreme Cinemas in the Czech Republic, Europalaces Theaters in France and United Entertainment and Camelot Cinemas in the U.S. In Asia, XpanD has a distribution agreement with Singapore-based server manufacturer GDC Technology to incorporate their 3D systems into the growing base of digital systems in mainland China.

MasterImage, a Korean company, is the fourth and newest entry into the commercial cinema 3D business. MasterImage USA, headed by cinema veteran Peter Koplik, recently opened an office in Burbank, Calif., to specifically focus on the exhibition market. The MasterImage system, like RealD, uses a silver screen and low-cost glasses, but the filter is a spinning wheel in an enclosure positioned between the projection lens and the porthole. MasterImage claims the simplicity of their systems results in lower costs and increased flexibility, without compromising image quality.

Currently, MasterImage has approximately 130 systems in North America, bringing their total installed base to over 300 screens worldwide. They have just concluded a major agreement with the U.K.’s Empire Cinemas for 40 systems. Other recent installations include 12 systems for Palace Cinemas to be installed in the Czech Republic and Hungary. Plus, they are planning on adding 30 systems in Ireland. At ShoWest 2009, MasterImage announced a distribution agreement with DTS Digital Cinema.

Another recent development facilitating the spread of 3D is progress toward a single-inventory 3D master for distribution to the cinemas. Both the RealD and Dolby 3D processes, for optimum imaged quality, require a small but different type of pre-processing on the files before being sent to the projector. Initially, the RealD pre-processing—called ghostbusting—was added to the DCP delivered to the theatres, but that caused distributors to have to identify in advance which system was being used and maintain multiple inventories of digital prints. The Dolby pre-processing was performed in Dolby’s server, but that limited Dolby 3D playback to those cinemas with Dolby servers. To resolve the issue, both RealD and Dolby have begun licensing their pre-processing to server manufacturers, thereby allowing one compatible single-inventory DCP to be used for all 3D systems.

With lots of new 3D titles, more equipment choices in the market, and the number of 3D installations doubling in the last nine months, 2009 will be remembered as the year 3D took off. But based on the progress being made in 3D production, live-action 3D capture and 3D digital effects, the best is yet to come.

 

Finding the Language of Stereo 3D

http://www.studiodaily.com/main/work/11198.html

 

Matt Armstrong

While news from the exhibition floor of SIGGRAPH was a little ho-hum, there were a number of excellent panels and presentations upstairs at the convention. One of the most popular was a full day on stereo 3D and how filmmakers are trying to move away from stereo as a gimmick towards it being a true cinema language, just like color and sound. Representatives from Sony, Pixar and Dreamworks discussed the present challenges and strategies, as well as the future of 3D as a medium.


Peter Ludé, senior VP solution engineering Sony Electronics, kicked off the day with an overview of the history of 3D. He presented a number of quotes from giants in the industry about how 3D will soon become how all movies are made and viewed. It just so happens that these quotes were from the 1930s, underscoring the trepidation many in the industry are feeling over whether 3D will continue to grow in popularity or will fade away as it has many times in the past.

Up and Toy Story 3D

Bob Whitehill, stereoscopic supervisor at Pixar, used Up and Toy Story and Toy Story 2 to illustrate how they tried implement a stereo language into the films. “We are trying to use a more subtle, kinder 3D. We want to answer the question ‘Why is this movie in 3D?’”

Up, the story of an elderly man, recently widowed, who ties balloons to his house and goes on a spectacular aerial adventure, implemented a visual language of circles and squares to structure the layout and how stereo imaging would work in the film.

“We used this general idea in the planning and layout stages to design the film. We used long lenses on the square sequences and wider lenses on the circle ones, and had a relatively shallow space in the square scenes and deep space in the circle scenes,” notes Whitehall. “We created a graph of how we would use stereo. In the beginning when the character is happy there is a deep space, then it flattens out when he loses his wife and then it slowly increases throughout the film. Just like the lack of color in dark scenes make the vibrant images stand out more, so do the flat scenes enhance the scenes where you are more aggressive with the 3D.”

On Toy Story and Toy Story 2 the 3D language was more complex. “We approached the 3D in these films in two main veins: environment and emotion. In the environment you have the toy world versus the human world. I wanted the toy world, where the toys are together and have a community, to feel safe so the space was flattened out. When the toys are alone in the human world the depth is much greater…. This changes through the film. We also broke the film down into themes of safety versus risk. So while the shallow space is comfortable it becomes untenable. It is not a place you can remain in. You want to make the choice to experience the richness of life, so as the film progresses we dial up the stereo.”

Whitehall theorizes that it will take some time for filmmakers to truly understand how to use 3D, just as it did for sound and color. “In the future I imagine success in 3D is going to happen when we marry the ‘wow’ moments of 3D and also learn how to use it subtly to emotionally tell a story.”

Monsters vs. Aliens

A team from Dreamworks Animation discussed how they built an entire 3D pipeline for Monsters vs. Aliens so they could author in stereo from the earliest stages of layout all the way through final QC. While Dreamworks had produced 3D projects for special venues, Monsters vs. Aliens was its first feature film, which was a “different animal altogether” notes Ken Bielenberg, visual effects supervisor. “We wanted to stay away from using stereo as a gimmick. That tends to pull the audience out of the movie. The things that worked for us creating projects for theme parks didn’t work for a feature. We had a clear mandate not to use stereo as a gimmick and only use it as part of the storytelling process.”

Authoring in stereo required building solutions so different artists to view the project in 3D at any time. “We did a lot of work to figure out how our artists could preview stereo at their workstations — every artist from editorial through lighting. It required separate hardware/software solutions for all of those different setups. It took a long time to figure out but we knew if we didn’t make it easy for artists to preview they wouldn’t work in stereo. Each department dealt with stereo but each one was impacted to varying degrees,” explains Bielenberg.

While the engineers were handling the technical aspect of the 3D pipeline configuration, the artists were going back to school to learn about the artistry of stereo. The first thing they did was to hold a hands-on stereo photography workshop for their layout artists. These artists went out and shot with the stereo still cameras and then the ‘class’ to reviewed the images. “They came back with some great stuff and some stuff that was absolutely horrific,” says Phil ‘Captain 3D’ McNally. “But they learned what made good 3D and what made bad 3D. It gave them the basics of 3D and how to view environments.”

With the basics of stereo photography in hand, they then had to understand the concepts of how stereo works in a theater and how the eye perceives a 3D image on a flat screen. Normal techniques that work in 2D fillmmaking can literally cause headaches in 3D.

“In 2D we use a 50mm lens a lot but what we found is that a 50mm lens in stereo is quite an aggressive setting when you introduce the background and foreground. Why is 50mm painful when it matches human vision? Because the theater doesn’t match human vision,” says McNally. “So finding a lens that matches the viewing space of a theater can make your stereo work easy. We found a 24mm lens is the easiest to set. When the lens is longer is tends to flatten out the characters and make them look like cardboard cutouts when they are in stereo,” says McNally. “The whole point of stereo is re-thinking filmmaking in a spatial way and you have to get a grip on basic skills and theories before you can actually think about what you want to do with stereo.”

Editorial

Editing a 3D film becomes a big challenge since in addition to getting the cuts to work n a linear fashion, now they also have to work spatially.

“Between a cut, the stereo effect often jumps from behind the screen to in front. It’s not as simple as making the shots the same,” McNally explains. “Otherwise your whole movie would look the same with everything behind or in front of the screen. So we animate the depth across the cut and used it extensively. There have been studies that show it takes your eyes a fraction of a second to adjust from looking at something near or far. So we essentially do the same thing. If one shot has the effect behind the screen then we go to another cut, we animated the stereo effect so the first frame is behind the screen and then each frame we bring it forward and after 10 frames we have the correct stereo setting we want for that shot. It is something you should absolutely not notice in the movie but you need to use it to blend shots together.

“Your first job in creating stereo is to do no harm. Then your job is to build creatively on top of that. There’s a real core toolset of knowledge you need to be able to create a film that audiences can watch for 90 minutes. But there’s also some room to play around and I think having the film be in stereo from the beginning all the way through production really helps creatively and technically.”

Stereo Artifacts

Mahesh Ramasubramanian, digital supervisor on Monsters vs. Aliens, discussed the visual artifacts that invariably pop up in a stereo production. He identified a number of common problems and how they were solved.

  • Texturing. Problem: Often a shot looks fine until the texturing and lighting is added. The lighting reveals the depth setting on the shot and causes eye separation in the foreground elements. Solution: Adjusting the position of the camera to remove the extreme foreground.
  • Incorrect reflections. Problem: Reflections look stuck to the object rather than going through them. Solution: Check your Renders. This happens when you mistakenly render the reflections with the wrong eye camera setting, which makes the reflections look like shadows stuck to the flooor rather than going in depth beneath them.
  • Camera mismatches. Problem: The layers don’t look cohesive. Solution: When you are rendering different layers, different lights at different times, or when changes occur, it is a common error that the settings are not all the same. This is probably the most difficult to catch because it is subtle changes.
  • Ghosting. Problem: A double Image. Solution: When a little bit of light is leaking into the other eye,which results in a subtle double image. This is most noticeable when there is a combination of high contrast and a lot of eye separation. We have two controls here. We can creatively de-contrast the image and pull it a little closer to the screen. Additionally we can use a prodecuderal cross cut canceling software that identifies the narrow regions around the edges and de-contrasts them.

 

Matte Painting

“One might think that matte painting would play less of a role with stereo. But this is hardly the case,” explains Ramasubramanian. “The consequences of having a huge robot in the film is that we have big, wide sets. We had to rethink the way we painted clouds. Normally we would paint the clouds on a dome. But for this we projected out painted clouds onto planes that were separated from the sky. This really helps with the spatial location of the clouds. You still have to paint in perspective. You have to have a motion parallax between the layers. We ended up stacking the clouds, but this was still not enough. We expected more depth from our matte paintings so we had to come up with ways to create hyper-depth, which is not optically correct but helped bring out the matte painting.”

For a shot of space ship traveling through clouds they employed a number of techniques to achieve depth. “In compositing we separated the cloud layer by one pixel from the ground beneath it. Then we used a multi-camera rig and had the spaceship in one camera and the rest of the set in another camera so that the spaceship was separated from the clouds. Finally we projected the foreground clouds onto volumes to add more depth to the shot,” says Ramasubramanian


Benefits of Authoring in 3D

While there were significant costs in getting every artist in the studio set up for stereo viewing, in the end it saved money and added to the creative.
“Because we were doing the effects before the editorial was locked we could influence the way the picture was cut in a way we couldn’t if we were treating it as a post process. In many cases effects department would request changes about lens choice, position of the camera and in certain cases adding shots in order to get the most depth from the effects we were doing. When there were problems we could deal with them as they arose instead of having to go back to the beginning and do it all over.”